Individually redundant effectors are collectively required for bacterial pathogen virulence
Through MELEE, a mutated effector-leveraging evolution experiment, we identified that the majority of Psa3's effectors are collectively required for virulence.
Nov 26, 2025
Contrasting effector profiles between bacterial colonisers of kiwifruit reveal redundant roles converging on PTI-suppression and RIN4
Effector knockout and knock-in assays in virulent Psa3 and avirulent Pfm identified a number of redundantly required effectors that converge on the RIN4 plant immunity hub.
Jan 1, 2023